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Assessment of Postprandial Glucagon Responses Across Diabetes Clusters

Basic Information

Recruitment status	Recruiting
Health condition(s) or Problem(s) studied	Diabetes mellitus
Date of first enrollment	30/04/2026
Target sample size	120
Countries of recruitment
Study type	Interventional
Intervention(s)	Participants will ingest 10 g of BCAA powder dissolved in 350-450 mL of water. Blood samples (5 mL each) will be collected before ingestion and at 30, 60, and 120 minutes after ingestion.

Outcome(s)

Primary Outcome	Change in serum glucagon levels before and after BCAA loading
Secondary Outcome

Key inclusion & exclusion criteria

Age minimum	Not applicable
Age maximum	Not applicable
Gender	Both
Include criteria	1. Participants enrolled in Group 1 of the comprehensive study on metabolic syndrome, chronic complications of diabetes, and factors related to prognosis (Fukushima Medical University IRB No. 29118), who provided written informed consent between April 2018 and February 2023 and have been regularly attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism at Fukushima Medical University since February 2026. 2. Participants enrolled in Group 2 of the comprehensive study on metabolic syndrome, chronic complications of diabetes, and factors related to prognosis: genome-wide association analysis (Fukushima Medical University IRB No. 2022-028), who provided written informed consent since March 2023 and are currently attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism at Fukushima Medical University.
Exclude criteria	Participants in Groups 1 and 2 who do not provide consent to participate in this study, or who withdraw consent after enrollment.